Flood hazards: impacts and responses for the built environment Essay

Flood accessionWhat be some of the major challenges essential directors leave confront during the repartee mannequin of this hazard?  Why ar these conundrums?  Why argon these issues principal(prenominal) to resolve?Finally, how mickle these problems be overcome by the urgency manager and other related actors or agencies?            Floods are natural transc block offrences which are experient during periods of high-intensity rainfall regularly. The changes in climatic patterns changes the intensity of rain and this could maneuver to in store(predicate) occurrences of gorges. The speck managers faces a lot of problems in trying to deal with this problem during the resolution phase. Some of the problems include communication system, geographic position, experience in handling the problem, lack of resources to deal with the emerging problem which in this shift is overgorges among numerous more(Moore & international ampere Bar nes, 2004).            Communication being a really pregnant aspect in any activity of a particular group, its wideness should not be under(a)estimated. Lack of proper communication systems during the response symbolize in floods would lead to poor dish out deli in truth to the bear upon heap. The geographical position of an champaign would determine how fast or slow the response team comes at the scene to tending. People staying in ambit of forces that squeeze out be slowly accessed by the team are endlessly li rattlingd easily by the team. Selecting the lift out team for any emergency case is of all time a major problem faced. Improper selection leads to poor service thusly the need to eternally choose the best team.            The aforementioned problems can be overcome by incorporating pendent personnel into the response team. In force fields with accessibility problems, the best means available should ceaseles sly be desire. near communication systems is overly very important because the response team whole works together and its only done proper communication that they leave alone render the best services.Who provide be the more or less critical actors to arrive initially at the scene of the incident? Why are these actors so crucial? What kind of equipment and training should they possess?            The most important flock to firstly arrive at the flood scene should be the redness Cross members, the fire fighters, health and mental volunteers. These community form the rescue teams. They help in evacuating the mess from the flood invested area.            thither exists both types of floods those that occur gradually and the flash floods which may occur with little or no warning. The rescuers in that locationfore undergo training to help curb all the two types. The most important cleverness one require to know is the fir st aid skill and secondly how to operate a radio. Some stock-still may also have the Swiftwater Training certificate. The pot should be adept on hydrology which involves learning how water behaves when its moving quickly by dint of a confined area. This helps them know to read the surface hence cognize the location of hidden materials like vehicle, concrete posts among others.            Defensive swimming is also another skill in condition(p) by the rescuers. This helps in arresting themselves safe. working(a) as a team is also another highly regarded skill that a person should possess. Working as teams helps the team achieve their objectives very first.            The equipment carried during the rescue parade includes megaphones and whistles which embolden in communications, ropes that would be use in pulling people to safety places and extra life jackets that would help keep them warm. In addition, they also have lanterns and flares for staying in touch.            What are some of the major and pressing considerations to consider when traffic with this cataclysm scenario? What are some hazards that will need to be assessed and overcome? Who will need to be warned or evacuated? Will transit and shelter arrangements need to be made?            There are major considerations that should be considered when relations with floods. The considerations include studying the flood frequency, the length of inundation and the cause of flood and role of mitigation in controlling the flood (Strahler, 1973).            In controlling floods, there are hazards which needfully to be assessed. Gathering the hydrologic entropy directly from the nearby rivers is perpetually very essential even though it might be time consuming. When data have been collected for quite a long time through stream gauging, and then models can be used in appro aching up with statistical frequency of any given flood events. The magnificence of hazard assessments that are found based on the remote the remotely available sensing data, field observations and damage reports is that they can be used in instances when quantitative data is not available.            As mentioned earlier, the importance of find out statistical frequency is that its helpful in determining their probability. In areas without records for a long period of time, the assessments are forever and a day very difficult.            The people that stays near rivers or in areas that are prone to floods needs to be warned or evacuated depending on the situation of the flood. Those that stay in areas that are highly prone to floods should be evacuated. When distances that should be travelled are long, then transportation and shelter provisions ought to be made available to the abnormal people.            List the steps that would need to be taken starting with the most pressing needs d take in to the final details. How will emergency aesculapian take be distributed? Will mass triage need to be open up? Will the affected area need to be cordoned off?            The steps taken in helping solve or bring low floods and its effects include what is commonly known as the 3M approach. It involvesMeasuringMapping (Schumann, 2011) simulation            Failing to do what should be done on time has always thwarted the efforts of several governments, or organizations in coming up with a long lasting effect concerning floods. Complete protection from floods might as yet be hard but under well(p) preparations, flood leak is easy. The above listed points starts with computer programning. Prolonged warnings always makes people to be ready and hence helps them keep their belongings safe (Moore, 2004).            Emerg ency aesculapian care to people affected with floods is very important and so is its distribution. The medical care equipment can be distributed through the use of helicopters in areas where other means of transportation is impossible. In instances where the flood is not extreme, then the drugs are distributed by the medical officers or the volunteers.            Mass triage needs to be established in areas where the swamp effects were extreme and a lot of people are affected. Areas under flood are likely to pose a higher panic for individuals to contract water borne diseases and hence the need for mass triage. Cordoning off an area might also be necessary so as to specify the flood infested areas from those that are not. Cordoned off areas are not allowed to be reached by others unless the flood subsidises.Why is emergency direction so important during this phase? Could an unorganized response actually lead to more confusion and madhouse? How can resou rces and personnel be allocated efficiently with a central play post?            Emergency management is important in each and all fix up in disaster management. However, its importance is very vital during this stage because of the following reasons. Emergency management helps overcoming the emergencies because there is always a plan for it. With a good plan in place, all is possible. Secondly, emergency management helps in knowing the best way to deal with any problem should it arise. Having a survival kit is also another way through which emergency management helps an individual during occurrences like the flood. Inside the kit there are materials that are necessary in overcoming the emergency (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2008).            Confusion and chaos arises in situations where after an emergency, there is unorganized response from the management team. This always comes as a result of lack of emergency management tips.&n bsp           Having a central command post during emergencies like floods is very healthy in tackling the problem at hand efficiently. The stakeholders involved in helping solve the emergency for example floods, always assemble in the command post and work cooperatively to successfully mitigate the emergency through implementing a single incident action plan. A unify command post helps in the following waysAllows for specialist stimulant whereby only specialised individuals are allowed to work on what they can wieldIt authorises each stakeholder to have input about how they believe the emergency will be managed.            Having the right command post therefore ensures that only qualified personnel are assigned certain tasks. This is because they are the ones with authorities on that field hence they can always deliver their best.What are the initial steps that must be taken onwards recuperation operations can take place? Why is dis aster convalescence so important? Should we strive to make the area better than I t was before the incident?            Recovery involves rebuilding the whole community so that the affected individuals, governments and other body can now work on their own as they resume normalcy as well as prevent them from incoming hazards (Clements, 2009).            The following should be done before retrieval operations can take place. The officials should get clearance to enter the site. The outcome of the damage should also be looked at before starting the convalescence process. Those homework to undertake the reimbursey process should also get master copy advice. Command centre for the recovery effort should also be sought before embarking on the recovery process. Another important aspect that should be looked before starting the recovery process is establishing security procedures for the recovery site. Lastly, deciding how the salvaged materials will be treated should also be looked before commencing the recovery process.            Recovering from the trauma experienced during the floods might be quite con turn tail for many people. Therefore proper recovery steps must be undertaken to ensure people heal appropriately. Some of the recovery efforts include great(p) medical aid, providing relief which comprises of food, water etc., clearing up the area, rebuilding dishonored structures, reopening schools, businesses and all those places that were affected. The disaster recovery is so important in that it attempts to act the affected people back to normalcy. People recovering from disasters always tend to have negative views so through the use of recovery process, they are made to appreciate life once more.            The recovery team should crusade to make the area a better place than it was. Leaving an area in the same or worse state than it was before makes p eople have bad feelings about such cases. Hence, the need for making an area a better place than it was before.            How can the exoteric or non-profit organizations assist in recovery operations? Should volunteers be sought and utilized? How could existence donations be collected? How could debris be recovered and removed?            The public and the non-profit organisations have been used in recovery operations. The non-profit organizations serves as health care providers, emergency shelter operations, and search and rescue team. Furthermore, they offer psychological training, as well as emergency communications. The public may also be used in assisting the affected group through being with them together. This always makes such people feel appreciated. They always feel that people are together with them even in their predicaments. The role of the public and non-profit organizations like churches cannot be underestimated.&n bsp           So as to make the recovery process a success, volunteers should be utilised. Volunteers are people who are willing to offer certain financial aid at no pay. These volunteers might have dealt with similar cases before and are therefore more suited to serve and help the affected people.            Those in the team should however strive to know the real volunteers. Some may volunteer with sinister motives. These people always lower or reduce the rate at which recovery process is achieved. Such people always make use of the vulnerable condition of the affected people for their own selfish gain. This vice however should be condemned.            Public donations are very helpful in helping people recover from floods and its effects. People affected by floods needs food, quick medical attention and other introductory necessities. The donations from the public if not collected apply the right channels, mig ht end up not helping in the intended purpose. Special bodies should always be put in place to man the public donations.            act cleaning of debris remains after the floods prevents odors, diseases. Contamination from run offs and many more. The following are some of the methods that are used to remove debris. The plant life should be disposed of correctly. They should be handled in a manner that prevents exhausting into streams, ditches and other surface water sources (Lamond, 2012).            Structures that are destroyed should be managed by the property owner and contractors if the floods affected construction sites. Sediments should also be fling as solid hazardous.            Whenever sewage is encountered during the debris disposal process that waste does not necessarily need to be separated. It should be disposed at a landfill mixed with other debris from the flood.        &n bsp   Is the management of public dealing crucial during the recovery process? How could information be relayed to the public to image them that everything that needs to be done is being done? How could some of the survivors mental health have been affected by the disaster? Should crisis counselors be sought to deal with the survivors and victims of the disaster?            The management of public dealings is very important during the recovery process.            Good public relations enhances good recovery. When there is poor public relations, there is less that canbe done to animate the recovery process. Consoling affected people is of utmost importance during the recovery period. The people who have been affected by floods needs to be always encouraged that all is well and that help is always underway.            Leaving people in conditions whereby they are not informed promptly, panic always arises . The best way to inform the public that all is well is by using leaders who they trust. Information which comes from a more authoritative person or a person who is experienced in a certain field holds more waters than information being rumored.            The mental health of flood survivors may at times be affected. This is mainly in instances where the floods were so much and it caused serious destructions. The survivors might have seen some of their family members drown as a result of the floods. Sometimes, they themselves might have been rescued from death narrowly.            For such people to heal completely, they need the services of a crisis counsellor for them to recover completely. The crisis counsellors are trained in dealing with problems like these and so they help the affected in overcoming the challenges they face.            How important is it to promote a kitchen-gardening of photo reduction to prevent disasters from occurringin the first place or at least(prenominal) mitigating their consequences if they do occur?            Vulnerability is a set of conditions which results from physical, economic, environmental and friendly factors that increases a persons susceptibility to the effects of the hazards.            Promoting the culture of picture helps in preventing disasters as well as mitigating their effects. This is due to the fact that the culture of vulnerability makes people aware of the problems they are facing. When one is aware of whatsoever he or she is undergoing, then he or she becomes prepared for anything. organism prepared means that solutions to problems can always be found before its too late.            Apart from making people aware, people are also have strong coping capacity. They are always aware and so they can cope as required hence helps in preventing the disaster.&n bsp           How can technology be harnessed to smooth the recovery process? What are some tools available to emergency managers for recovery operations? Could the lessons learned from this disaster response and recovery be used in the early(a) to better help communities respond to and deal with a disaster? What are some new and possibly unexpected threats that could arise in the future?Technology can be used to create tools that will lead to faster healings. The recovery process for it to be successful, technology must be used well. With the appropriate technology in place, transportation of medicine, staffs and other essentials that are needed will be availed easily.            Tools available for use by emergency managers during the recovery process includes weather sensor and satellite, fibre optics, phones video, medical equipment. The lessons learnt from this disaster response are very helpful in dealing with future occurrences. T he response when dealing with flood can be used when dealing with other types of floods. Some of the possible threats that are likely to occur during dealing with floods is the network problem. When floods occur, network connection is always tampered with. This happens to be the unexpected threats in when dealing with floods. Network unavailability hinders smooth communication.ReferencesClements, B. (2009). Disasters and Public Health planning and response. capital of The Netherlands Butterworth- Heinemann/ElsevierHaddow, G. D., B ullock, J. A., &Coppla, D. P. (2008). Introduction to Emergency Management (3rded.). Amsterdam Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann.Lamond, J. (2012). Flood hazards impacts and responses for the built environment. Boca Raton CRC Press.Moore, R.,&Barnes,J. (2004).Faces from the flood Hurricane Floyd remembered. Chapel Hill University of due north Carolina Press.Rao, S. R. (2006). Resource recovery and recycling from metallurgical wastes. Amsterdam Elsevier Schumann, A. (2011). Flood chance assessment and management how to specify hydrological loads, their consequences and uncertainties. Berlin. Springer.Strahler, A. N. (1973). Environmental Science Interaction amongst Natural Systems and Man. California Hamilton Publishing Company.Wisner, B., Gaillard, J. C., &Kelman, I. (2012). The Routledge handbook of hazards and disaster insecurity reduction. London Routledge.Source document